refactor(server): extract workspace provisioning into a deep module (#1712)

* refactor(server): extract workspace provisioning into workspace-provisioning module

Move the "find-or-create a workspace & project for a directory" cluster out of
the 6.4k-line Session god class into session/workspace-provisioning/
behind an injected createWorkspaceProvisioningService(deps) port.

Nine methods (~215 LOC) — findOrCreateWorkspaceForDirectory,
resolveOrCreateWorkspaceIdForCreateAgent, createWorkspaceForDirectory,
findOrCreateProjectForDirectory, ensureWorkspaceRecordUnarchived, and the
private helpers resolveWorkspaceDirectory / findExactWorkspaceByDirectory /
reclassifyOrUnarchiveWorkspaceForDirectory / resolveProjectRecordForPlacement —
now live in one deep module with a 5-method interface. The session shed four
pure-function imports it no longer needs and delegates from five call sites.

The module's only dependencies are the workspace/project registries and the
git-service checkout port — no emit, clientActivity, or observer coupling — so
it is now unit-testable with real file-backed registries and a fake git port
(workspace-provisioning-service.test.ts), instead of only through a booted
Session. Behavior is unchanged: the existing open_project / import / create-agent
characterization suites stay green.

* refactor(server): address review — drop redundant spread property, test always-create

- Remove the dead `workspaceId: input.workspace.workspaceId` in
  reclassifyOrUnarchiveWorkspaceForDirectory (already spread via
  ...input.workspace; behavior-identical).
- Add a direct test pinning createWorkspaceForDirectory's always-mint-fresh
  contract (call twice for the same cwd → two distinct workspace ids), the
  property that distinguishes it from findOrCreateWorkspaceForDirectory.

packages/server/src/server/session.ts

@@ -121,14 +121,10 @@ import {
 } from "./agent/import-sessions.js";
 import {
   checkoutLiteFromGitSnapshot,
-  classifyDirectoryForProjectMembership,
   deriveWorkspaceDisplayName,
-  generateWorkspaceId,
 } from "./workspace-registry-model.js";
 import { resolveWorkspaceIdForPath } from "./resolve-workspace-id-for-path.js";
 import {
-  createPersistedProjectRecord,
-  createPersistedWorkspaceRecord,
   resolveProjectDisplayName,
   resolveWorkspaceDisplayName,
   resolveWorkspaceName,
@@ -164,6 +160,10 @@ import {
   createGitMutationService,
   type GitMutationService,
 } from "./session/git-mutation/git-mutation-service.js";
+import {
+  createWorkspaceProvisioningService,
+  type WorkspaceProvisioningService,
+} from "./session/workspace-provisioning/workspace-provisioning-service.js";
 import { expandTilde } from "../utils/path.js";
 import { searchHomeDirectories, searchWorkspaceEntries } from "../utils/directory-suggestions.js";
 import type { CheckoutDiffManager } from "./checkout-diff-manager.js";
@@ -564,6 +564,7 @@ export class Session {
   private readonly generateWorkspaceName: typeof generateBranchNameFromFirstAgentContext;
   private readonly workspaceGitService: WorkspaceGitService;
   private readonly gitMutation: GitMutationService;
+  private readonly workspaceProvisioning: WorkspaceProvisioningService;
   private readonly daemonConfigStore: DaemonConfigStore;
   private readonly mcpBaseUrl: string | null;
   private readonly pushTokenStore: PushTokenStore;
@@ -700,6 +701,11 @@ export class Session {
       github: this.github,
       logger: this.sessionLogger,
     });
+    this.workspaceProvisioning = createWorkspaceProvisioningService({
+      workspaceRegistry: this.workspaceRegistry,
+      projectRegistry: this.projectRegistry,
+      workspaceGitService: this.workspaceGitService,
+    });
     this.checkoutSession = new CheckoutSession({
       host: {
         emit: (msg) => this.emit(msg),
@@ -1459,29 +1465,6 @@ export class Session {
     }
   }
 
-  private async findExactWorkspaceByDirectory(
-    cwd: string,
-    options?: { refreshGit?: boolean },
-  ): Promise<PersistedWorkspaceRecord | null> {
-    const normalizedCwd = await this.resolveWorkspaceDirectory(cwd, options);
-    const workspaces = await this.workspaceRegistry.list();
-    return workspaces.find((workspace) => workspace.cwd === normalizedCwd) ?? null;
-  }
-
-  private async resolveWorkspaceDirectory(
-    cwd: string,
-    options?: { refreshGit?: boolean },
-  ): Promise<string> {
-    const normalizedCwd = resolve(cwd);
-    if (options?.refreshGit === false) {
-      const snapshot = this.workspaceGitService.peekSnapshot(normalizedCwd);
-      return resolve(snapshot?.git.repoRoot ?? normalizedCwd);
-    }
-
-    const checkout = await this.workspaceGitService.getCheckout(normalizedCwd);
-    return resolve(checkout.worktreeRoot ?? normalizedCwd);
-  }
-
   private async buildProjectPlacementForWorkspace(
     workspace: PersistedWorkspaceRecord,
     projectRecord?: PersistedProjectRecord | null,
@@ -2663,12 +2646,14 @@ export class Session {
       const createAgentConfig: AgentSessionConfig = createdWorktree
         ? { ...config, cwd: createdWorktree.worktree.worktreePath }
         : config;
-      const workspaceId = await this.resolveOrCreateWorkspaceIdForCreateAgent({
-        createdWorktree,
-        requestedWorkspaceId: msg.workspaceId,
-        cwd: createAgentConfig.cwd,
-        initialTitle: workspacePromptTitle,
-      });
+      const workspaceId = await this.workspaceProvisioning.resolveOrCreateWorkspaceIdForCreateAgent(
+        {
+          createdWorktree,
+          requestedWorkspaceId: msg.workspaceId,
+          cwd: createAgentConfig.cwd,
+          initialTitle: workspacePromptTitle,
+        },
+      );
 
       const { snapshot, liveSnapshot } = await createAgentCommand(
         {
@@ -2867,7 +2852,9 @@ export class Session {
       }
       // An imported agent mints its own workspace; ownership is its workspaceId,
       // never an existing same-cwd workspace resolved by path.
-      const workspace = await this.createWorkspaceForDirectory(normalized.cwd);
+      const workspace = await this.workspaceProvisioning.createWorkspaceForDirectory(
+        normalized.cwd,
+      );
       const { snapshot, timelineSize } = await importProviderSession({
         request: normalized,
         workspaceId: workspace.workspaceId,
@@ -4314,108 +4301,6 @@ export class Session {
     }
   }
 
-  private async findOrCreateWorkspaceForDirectory(cwd: string): Promise<PersistedWorkspaceRecord> {
-    const inputCwd = resolve(cwd);
-    const normalizedCwd = await this.resolveWorkspaceDirectory(cwd);
-    const existingWorkspace = await this.findExactWorkspaceByDirectory(normalizedCwd, {
-      refreshGit: false,
-    });
-    if (existingWorkspace) {
-      if (existingWorkspace.archivedAt && inputCwd !== normalizedCwd) {
-        const timestamp = new Date().toISOString();
-        const checkout = checkoutLiteFromGitSnapshot(inputCwd, {
-          isGit: false,
-          currentBranch: null,
-          remoteUrl: null,
-          repoRoot: null,
-          isPaseoOwnedWorktree: false,
-          mainRepoRoot: null,
-        });
-        const membership = classifyDirectoryForProjectMembership({ cwd: inputCwd, checkout });
-        const projectRecord = await this.resolveProjectRecordForPlacement({
-          membership,
-          timestamp,
-        });
-        await this.projectRegistry.upsert(projectRecord);
-        const workspaceRecord = createPersistedWorkspaceRecord({
-          workspaceId: generateWorkspaceId(),
-          projectId: projectRecord.projectId,
-          cwd: inputCwd,
-          kind: membership.workspaceKind,
-          displayName: membership.workspaceDisplayName,
-          createdAt: timestamp,
-          updatedAt: timestamp,
-        });
-        await this.workspaceRegistry.upsert(workspaceRecord);
-        return workspaceRecord;
-      }
-      return this.reclassifyOrUnarchiveWorkspaceForDirectory({
-        workspace: existingWorkspace,
-        project: await this.projectRegistry.get(existingWorkspace.projectId),
-        cwd: normalizedCwd,
-      });
-    }
-
-    return this.createWorkspaceForDirectory(normalizedCwd);
-  }
-
-  private async resolveOrCreateWorkspaceIdForCreateAgent(input: {
-    createdWorktree: CreatePaseoWorktreeWorkflowResult | null;
-    requestedWorkspaceId?: string;
-    cwd: string;
-    initialTitle: string | null;
-  }): Promise<string> {
-    if (input.createdWorktree) {
-      return input.createdWorktree.workspace.workspaceId;
-    }
-
-    if (input.requestedWorkspaceId) {
-      return input.requestedWorkspaceId;
-    }
-
-    return (await this.createWorkspaceForDirectory(input.cwd, input.initialTitle)).workspaceId;
-  }
-
-  private async createWorkspaceForDirectory(
-    cwd: string,
-    title?: string | null,
-  ): Promise<PersistedWorkspaceRecord> {
-    const checkout = await this.workspaceGitService.getCheckout(cwd);
-    const membership = classifyDirectoryForProjectMembership({ cwd, checkout });
-    const timestamp = new Date().toISOString();
-
-    const projectRecord = await this.resolveProjectRecordForPlacement({
-      membership,
-      timestamp,
-    });
-    await this.projectRegistry.upsert(projectRecord);
-
-    const workspaceRecord = createPersistedWorkspaceRecord({
-      workspaceId: generateWorkspaceId(),
-      projectId: projectRecord.projectId,
-      cwd,
-      kind: membership.workspaceKind,
-      displayName: membership.workspaceDisplayName,
-      title: title ?? null,
-      createdAt: timestamp,
-      updatedAt: timestamp,
-    });
-    await this.workspaceRegistry.upsert(workspaceRecord);
-    return workspaceRecord;
-  }
-
-  private async findOrCreateProjectForDirectory(cwd: string): Promise<PersistedProjectRecord> {
-    const normalizedCwd = resolve(cwd);
-    const checkout = await this.workspaceGitService.getCheckout(normalizedCwd);
-    const membership = classifyDirectoryForProjectMembership({ cwd: normalizedCwd, checkout });
-    const projectRecord = await this.resolveProjectRecordForPlacement({
-      membership,
-      timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
-    });
-    await this.projectRegistry.upsert(projectRecord);
-    return projectRecord;
-  }
-
   private buildProjectDescriptor(
     project: PersistedProjectRecord,
   ): WorkspaceProjectDescriptorPayload {
@@ -4428,81 +4313,6 @@ export class Session {
     };
   }
 
-  private async reclassifyOrUnarchiveWorkspaceForDirectory(input: {
-    workspace: PersistedWorkspaceRecord;
-    project: PersistedProjectRecord | null;
-    cwd: string;
-  }): Promise<PersistedWorkspaceRecord> {
-    const checkout = await this.workspaceGitService.getCheckout(input.cwd);
-    const membership = classifyDirectoryForProjectMembership({ cwd: input.cwd, checkout });
-    const timestamp = new Date().toISOString();
-    const projectRecord = await this.resolveProjectRecordForPlacement({
-      membership,
-      timestamp,
-    });
-    const projectId = projectRecord.projectId;
-    const kind = membership.workspaceKind;
-    const displayName = membership.workspaceDisplayName;
-
-    if (
-      input.workspace.projectId === projectId &&
-      input.workspace.kind === kind &&
-      input.workspace.displayName === displayName
-    ) {
-      if (!input.project) {
-        await this.projectRegistry.upsert(projectRecord);
-      }
-      return this.ensureWorkspaceRecordUnarchived(input.workspace);
-    }
-
-    await this.projectRegistry.upsert(projectRecord);
-
-    const nextWorkspace = {
-      ...input.workspace,
-      workspaceId: input.workspace.workspaceId,
-      projectId,
-      cwd: input.cwd,
-      kind,
-      displayName,
-      archivedAt: null,
-      updatedAt: timestamp,
-    };
-    await this.workspaceRegistry.upsert(nextWorkspace);
-    return nextWorkspace;
-  }
-
-  private async resolveProjectRecordForPlacement(input: {
-    membership: ReturnType<typeof classifyDirectoryForProjectMembership>;
-    timestamp: string;
-  }): Promise<PersistedProjectRecord> {
-    const rootPath = input.membership.projectRootPath;
-    const kind = input.membership.projectKind;
-    const projects = await this.projectRegistry.list();
-    const existingProject =
-      projects.find((project) => !project.archivedAt && project.rootPath === rootPath) ??
-      projects.find((project) => project.rootPath === rootPath) ??
-      null;
-
-    if (!existingProject) {
-      return createPersistedProjectRecord({
-        projectId: input.membership.projectKey,
-        rootPath,
-        kind,
-        displayName: input.membership.projectName,
-        createdAt: input.timestamp,
-        updatedAt: input.timestamp,
-      });
-    }
-
-    return {
-      ...existingProject,
-      rootPath,
-      kind,
-      archivedAt: null,
-      updatedAt: input.timestamp,
-    };
-  }
-
   private async unarchiveOwningWorkspaceForAgent(agentId: string): Promise<void> {
     const record = await this.agentStorage.get(agentId);
     if (!record?.workspaceId) {
@@ -4524,7 +4334,7 @@ export class Session {
       await this.recreateOwningWorktreeForRestore(workspace, workspace.branch);
     }
 
-    await this.ensureWorkspaceRecordUnarchived(workspace);
+    await this.workspaceProvisioning.ensureWorkspaceRecordUnarchived(workspace);
     await this.emitWorkspaceUpdatesForWorkspaceIds([workspace.workspaceId]);
   }
 
@@ -4583,30 +4393,6 @@ export class Session {
     }
   }
 
-  private async ensureWorkspaceRecordUnarchived(
-    workspace: PersistedWorkspaceRecord,
-  ): Promise<PersistedWorkspaceRecord> {
-    const project = await this.projectRegistry.get(workspace.projectId);
-    if (!workspace.archivedAt && (!project || !project.archivedAt)) {
-      return workspace;
-    }
-
-    const timestamp = new Date().toISOString();
-    let unarchivedWorkspace = workspace;
-    if (workspace.archivedAt) {
-      unarchivedWorkspace = { ...workspace, archivedAt: null, updatedAt: timestamp };
-      await this.workspaceRegistry.upsert(unarchivedWorkspace);
-    }
-    if (project?.archivedAt) {
-      await this.projectRegistry.upsert({
-        ...project,
-        archivedAt: null,
-        updatedAt: timestamp,
-      });
-    }
-    return unarchivedWorkspace;
-  }
-
   private async createPaseoWorktree(
     input: CreatePaseoWorktreeInput,
     options?: {
@@ -5356,7 +5142,7 @@ export class Session {
       for (const workspaceRecord of await this.workspaceRegistry.list()) {
         workspacesBefore.set(workspaceRecord.workspaceId, workspaceRecord);
       }
-      const workspace = await this.findOrCreateWorkspaceForDirectory(cwd);
+      const workspace = await this.workspaceProvisioning.findOrCreateWorkspaceForDirectory(cwd);
       const project = await this.projectRegistry.get(workspace.projectId);
       await this.syncWorkspaceGitObserverForWorkspace(workspace);
       const descriptor = await this.describeWorkspaceRecord(workspace);
@@ -5441,7 +5227,7 @@ export class Session {
       for (const project of await this.projectRegistry.list()) {
         projectsBefore.set(project.projectId, project);
       }
-      const project = await this.findOrCreateProjectForDirectory(cwd);
+      const project = await this.workspaceProvisioning.findOrCreateProjectForDirectory(cwd);
       this.sessionLogger.info(
         {
           requestedCwd,

packages/server/src/server/session/workspace-provisioning/workspace-provisioning-service.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+import os from "node:os";
+import path from "node:path";
+import { mkdtempSync, rmSync } from "node:fs";
+
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, expect, test } from "vitest";
+
+import { createTestLogger } from "../../../test-utils/test-logger.js";
+import { createNoopWorkspaceGitService } from "../../test-utils/workspace-git-service-stub.js";
+import {
+  FileBackedProjectRegistry,
+  FileBackedWorkspaceRegistry,
+} from "../../workspace-registry.js";
+import type { CreatePaseoWorktreeWorkflowResult } from "../../worktree-session.js";
+import {
+  createWorkspaceProvisioningService,
+  type WorkspaceProvisioningService,
+} from "./workspace-provisioning-service.js";
+
+// Real file-backed registries + a fake git-service port (the only dependency that
+// shells out to git in production). No module mocks — the service is exercised
+// through the same interface its callers in session.ts use.
+
+const logger = createTestLogger();
+const ARCHIVED_AT = "2026-01-01T00:00:00.000Z";
+
+let tmpDir: string;
+let gitRoots: Set<string>;
+let workspaceRegistry: FileBackedWorkspaceRegistry;
+let projectRegistry: FileBackedProjectRegistry;
+let provisioning: WorkspaceProvisioningService;
+
+function gitService() {
+  return createNoopWorkspaceGitService({
+    peekSnapshot: () => null,
+    getCheckout: async (cwd: string) => {
+      let worktreeRoot: string | null = null;
+      for (const root of gitRoots) {
+        if (
+          (cwd === root || cwd.startsWith(`${root}${path.sep}`)) &&
+          root.length > (worktreeRoot?.length ?? -1)
+        ) {
+          worktreeRoot = root;
+        }
+      }
+      return {
+        cwd,
+        isGit: worktreeRoot !== null,
+        currentBranch: worktreeRoot ? "main" : null,
+        remoteUrl: null,
+        worktreeRoot,
+        isPaseoOwnedWorktree: false,
+        mainRepoRoot: null,
+      };
+    },
+  });
+}
+
+beforeEach(async () => {
+  tmpDir = mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "workspace-provisioning-"));
+  gitRoots = new Set();
+  workspaceRegistry = new FileBackedWorkspaceRegistry(
+    path.join(tmpDir, "projects", "workspaces.json"),
+    logger,
+  );
+  projectRegistry = new FileBackedProjectRegistry(
+    path.join(tmpDir, "projects", "projects.json"),
+    logger,
+  );
+  await workspaceRegistry.initialize();
+  await projectRegistry.initialize();
+  provisioning = createWorkspaceProvisioningService({
+    workspaceRegistry,
+    projectRegistry,
+    workspaceGitService: gitService(),
+  });
+});
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  rmSync(tmpDir, { recursive: true, force: true });
+});
+
+test("fresh git repo creates a workspace at the canonical worktree root", async () => {
+  const repo = path.join(tmpDir, "repo");
+  gitRoots.add(repo);
+
+  const workspace = await provisioning.findOrCreateWorkspaceForDirectory(repo);
+
+  expect(workspace.cwd).toBe(repo);
+  expect(await workspaceRegistry.list()).toHaveLength(1);
+  expect(await projectRegistry.list()).toHaveLength(1);
+});
+
+test("fresh non-git directory creates a directory workspace at the exact path", async () => {
+  const dir = path.join(tmpDir, "plain");
+
+  const workspace = await provisioning.findOrCreateWorkspaceForDirectory(dir);
+
+  expect(workspace.cwd).toBe(dir);
+});
+
+test("re-opening an active workspace by exact path returns the same record without duplicating", async () => {
+  const repo = path.join(tmpDir, "repo");
+  gitRoots.add(repo);
+
+  const first = await provisioning.findOrCreateWorkspaceForDirectory(repo);
+  const second = await provisioning.findOrCreateWorkspaceForDirectory(repo);
+
+  expect(second.workspaceId).toBe(first.workspaceId);
+  expect(await workspaceRegistry.list()).toHaveLength(1);
+});
+
+test("re-opening an archived workspace by its exact path unarchives it and keeps the id", async () => {
+  const repo = path.join(tmpDir, "repo");
+  gitRoots.add(repo);
+  const created = await provisioning.findOrCreateWorkspaceForDirectory(repo);
+  await workspaceRegistry.archive(created.workspaceId, ARCHIVED_AT);
+
+  const reopened = await provisioning.findOrCreateWorkspaceForDirectory(repo);
+
+  expect(reopened.workspaceId).toBe(created.workspaceId);
+  expect(reopened.archivedAt).toBeNull();
+});
+
+test("opening a subpath of an archived git workspace mints a fresh workspace at the exact subpath", async () => {
+  const repo = path.join(tmpDir, "repo");
+  gitRoots.add(repo);
+  const canonical = await provisioning.findOrCreateWorkspaceForDirectory(repo);
+  await workspaceRegistry.archive(canonical.workspaceId, ARCHIVED_AT);
+  const sub = path.join(repo, "packages", "app");
+
+  const fresh = await provisioning.findOrCreateWorkspaceForDirectory(sub);
+
+  expect(fresh.cwd).toBe(sub);
+  expect(fresh.workspaceId).not.toBe(canonical.workspaceId);
+  expect((await workspaceRegistry.get(canonical.workspaceId))?.archivedAt).toBe(ARCHIVED_AT);
+});
+
+test("ensureWorkspaceRecordUnarchived clears archivedAt on the workspace and its project", async () => {
+  const repo = path.join(tmpDir, "repo");
+  gitRoots.add(repo);
+  const created = await provisioning.findOrCreateWorkspaceForDirectory(repo);
+  await projectRegistry.archive(created.projectId, ARCHIVED_AT);
+
+  const unarchived = await provisioning.ensureWorkspaceRecordUnarchived({
+    ...created,
+    archivedAt: ARCHIVED_AT,
+  });
+
+  expect(unarchived.archivedAt).toBeNull();
+  expect((await workspaceRegistry.get(created.workspaceId))?.archivedAt).toBeNull();
+  expect((await projectRegistry.get(created.projectId))?.archivedAt).toBeNull();
+});
+
+test("resolveOrCreateWorkspaceIdForCreateAgent returns a created worktree's id without touching the registry", async () => {
+  // The branch only reads workspace.workspaceId off the worktree result.
+  const createdWorktree = {
+    workspace: { workspaceId: "ws-from-worktree" },
+  } as unknown as CreatePaseoWorktreeWorkflowResult;
+
+  const id = await provisioning.resolveOrCreateWorkspaceIdForCreateAgent({
+    createdWorktree,
+    cwd: path.join(tmpDir, "x"),
+    initialTitle: null,
+  });
+
+  expect(id).toBe("ws-from-worktree");
+  expect(await workspaceRegistry.list()).toHaveLength(0);
+});
+
+test("resolveOrCreateWorkspaceIdForCreateAgent honors an explicitly requested workspace id", async () => {
+  const id = await provisioning.resolveOrCreateWorkspaceIdForCreateAgent({
+    createdWorktree: null,
+    requestedWorkspaceId: "ws-requested",
+    cwd: path.join(tmpDir, "x"),
+    initialTitle: null,
+  });
+
+  expect(id).toBe("ws-requested");
+  expect(await workspaceRegistry.list()).toHaveLength(0);
+});
+
+test("resolveOrCreateWorkspaceIdForCreateAgent creates a titled workspace when nothing is provided", async () => {
+  const dir = path.join(tmpDir, "plain");
+
+  const id = await provisioning.resolveOrCreateWorkspaceIdForCreateAgent({
+    createdWorktree: null,
+    cwd: dir,
+    initialTitle: "My Title",
+  });
+
+  const created = await workspaceRegistry.get(id);
+  expect(created?.cwd).toBe(dir);
+  expect(created?.title).toBe("My Title");
+});
+
+test("createWorkspaceForDirectory always mints a fresh workspace even when one already occupies the cwd", async () => {
+  const repo = path.join(tmpDir, "repo");
+  gitRoots.add(repo);
+
+  const first = await provisioning.createWorkspaceForDirectory(repo);
+  const second = await provisioning.createWorkspaceForDirectory(repo);
+
+  expect(second.workspaceId).not.toBe(first.workspaceId);
+  expect(await workspaceRegistry.list()).toHaveLength(2);
+});
+
+test("findOrCreateProjectForDirectory reuses the active project for the same root", async () => {
+  const repo = path.join(tmpDir, "repo");
+  gitRoots.add(repo);
+
+  const first = await provisioning.findOrCreateProjectForDirectory(repo);
+  const second = await provisioning.findOrCreateProjectForDirectory(path.join(repo, "sub"));
+
+  expect(second.projectId).toBe(first.projectId);
+  expect(await projectRegistry.list()).toHaveLength(1);
+});

packages/server/src/server/session/workspace-provisioning/workspace-provisioning-service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+import { resolve } from "node:path";
+import {
+  checkoutLiteFromGitSnapshot,
+  classifyDirectoryForProjectMembership,
+  generateWorkspaceId,
+} from "../../workspace-registry-model.js";
+import {
+  createPersistedProjectRecord,
+  createPersistedWorkspaceRecord,
+  type PersistedProjectRecord,
+  type PersistedWorkspaceRecord,
+  type ProjectRegistry,
+  type WorkspaceRegistry,
+} from "../../workspace-registry.js";
+import type { WorkspaceGitService } from "../../workspace-git-service.js";
+import type { CreatePaseoWorktreeWorkflowResult } from "../../worktree-session.js";
+
+/**
+ * Resolves which workspace and project records a directory belongs to, creating,
+ * reclassifying, or unarchiving them as needed. Every path that needs a workspace
+ * for a cwd — opening a project, importing an agent, creating an agent, restoring
+ * an archived worktree — funnels through this one module, so the
+ * classify → resolve-project → persist → unarchive sequence (and the
+ * archived-reopen-at-a-different-path and reclassify-vs-unarchive special cases)
+ * lives in a single place instead of being smeared across the session.
+ *
+ * Read-only path resolution (no create/persist) lives in resolve-workspace-id-for-path.ts;
+ * this module owns the create-and-persist side.
+ */
+export interface ResolveOrCreateWorkspaceIdInput {
+  createdWorktree: CreatePaseoWorktreeWorkflowResult | null;
+  requestedWorkspaceId?: string;
+  cwd: string;
+  initialTitle: string | null;
+}
+
+export interface WorkspaceProvisioningService {
+  findOrCreateWorkspaceForDirectory(cwd: string): Promise<PersistedWorkspaceRecord>;
+  resolveOrCreateWorkspaceIdForCreateAgent(input: ResolveOrCreateWorkspaceIdInput): Promise<string>;
+  createWorkspaceForDirectory(
+    cwd: string,
+    title?: string | null,
+  ): Promise<PersistedWorkspaceRecord>;
+  findOrCreateProjectForDirectory(cwd: string): Promise<PersistedProjectRecord>;
+  ensureWorkspaceRecordUnarchived(
+    workspace: PersistedWorkspaceRecord,
+  ): Promise<PersistedWorkspaceRecord>;
+}
+
+export function createWorkspaceProvisioningService(deps: {
+  workspaceRegistry: WorkspaceRegistry;
+  projectRegistry: ProjectRegistry;
+  workspaceGitService: Pick<WorkspaceGitService, "getCheckout" | "peekSnapshot">;
+}): WorkspaceProvisioningService {
+  const { workspaceRegistry, projectRegistry, workspaceGitService } = deps;
+
+  async function resolveWorkspaceDirectory(
+    cwd: string,
+    options?: { refreshGit?: boolean },
+  ): Promise<string> {
+    const normalizedCwd = resolve(cwd);
+    if (options?.refreshGit === false) {
+      const snapshot = workspaceGitService.peekSnapshot(normalizedCwd);
+      return resolve(snapshot?.git.repoRoot ?? normalizedCwd);
+    }
+
+    const checkout = await workspaceGitService.getCheckout(normalizedCwd);
+    return resolve(checkout.worktreeRoot ?? normalizedCwd);
+  }
+
+  async function findExactWorkspaceByDirectory(
+    cwd: string,
+    options?: { refreshGit?: boolean },
+  ): Promise<PersistedWorkspaceRecord | null> {
+    const normalizedCwd = await resolveWorkspaceDirectory(cwd, options);
+    const workspaces = await workspaceRegistry.list();
+    return workspaces.find((workspace) => workspace.cwd === normalizedCwd) ?? null;
+  }
+
+  async function resolveProjectRecordForPlacement(input: {
+    membership: ReturnType<typeof classifyDirectoryForProjectMembership>;
+    timestamp: string;
+  }): Promise<PersistedProjectRecord> {
+    const rootPath = input.membership.projectRootPath;
+    const kind = input.membership.projectKind;
+    const projects = await projectRegistry.list();
+    const existingProject =
+      projects.find((project) => !project.archivedAt && project.rootPath === rootPath) ??
+      projects.find((project) => project.rootPath === rootPath) ??
+      null;
+
+    if (!existingProject) {
+      return createPersistedProjectRecord({
+        projectId: input.membership.projectKey,
+        rootPath,
+        kind,
+        displayName: input.membership.projectName,
+        createdAt: input.timestamp,
+        updatedAt: input.timestamp,
+      });
+    }
+
+    return {
+      ...existingProject,
+      rootPath,
+      kind,
+      archivedAt: null,
+      updatedAt: input.timestamp,
+    };
+  }
+
+  async function reclassifyOrUnarchiveWorkspaceForDirectory(input: {
+    workspace: PersistedWorkspaceRecord;
+    project: PersistedProjectRecord | null;
+    cwd: string;
+  }): Promise<PersistedWorkspaceRecord> {
+    const checkout = await workspaceGitService.getCheckout(input.cwd);
+    const membership = classifyDirectoryForProjectMembership({ cwd: input.cwd, checkout });
+    const timestamp = new Date().toISOString();
+    const projectRecord = await resolveProjectRecordForPlacement({
+      membership,
+      timestamp,
+    });
+    const projectId = projectRecord.projectId;
+    const kind = membership.workspaceKind;
+    const displayName = membership.workspaceDisplayName;
+
+    if (
+      input.workspace.projectId === projectId &&
+      input.workspace.kind === kind &&
+      input.workspace.displayName === displayName
+    ) {
+      if (!input.project) {
+        await projectRegistry.upsert(projectRecord);
+      }
+      return ensureWorkspaceRecordUnarchived(input.workspace);
+    }
+
+    await projectRegistry.upsert(projectRecord);
+
+    const nextWorkspace = {
+      ...input.workspace,
+      projectId,
+      cwd: input.cwd,
+      kind,
+      displayName,
+      archivedAt: null,
+      updatedAt: timestamp,
+    };
+    await workspaceRegistry.upsert(nextWorkspace);
+    return nextWorkspace;
+  }
+
+  async function findOrCreateWorkspaceForDirectory(cwd: string): Promise<PersistedWorkspaceRecord> {
+    const inputCwd = resolve(cwd);
+    const normalizedCwd = await resolveWorkspaceDirectory(cwd);
+    const existingWorkspace = await findExactWorkspaceByDirectory(normalizedCwd, {
+      refreshGit: false,
+    });
+    if (existingWorkspace) {
+      if (existingWorkspace.archivedAt && inputCwd !== normalizedCwd) {
+        const timestamp = new Date().toISOString();
+        const checkout = checkoutLiteFromGitSnapshot(inputCwd, {
+          isGit: false,
+          currentBranch: null,
+          remoteUrl: null,
+          repoRoot: null,
+          isPaseoOwnedWorktree: false,
+          mainRepoRoot: null,
+        });
+        const membership = classifyDirectoryForProjectMembership({ cwd: inputCwd, checkout });
+        const projectRecord = await resolveProjectRecordForPlacement({
+          membership,
+          timestamp,
+        });
+        await projectRegistry.upsert(projectRecord);
+        const workspaceRecord = createPersistedWorkspaceRecord({
+          workspaceId: generateWorkspaceId(),
+          projectId: projectRecord.projectId,
+          cwd: inputCwd,
+          kind: membership.workspaceKind,
+          displayName: membership.workspaceDisplayName,
+          createdAt: timestamp,
+          updatedAt: timestamp,
+        });
+        await workspaceRegistry.upsert(workspaceRecord);
+        return workspaceRecord;
+      }
+      return reclassifyOrUnarchiveWorkspaceForDirectory({
+        workspace: existingWorkspace,
+        project: await projectRegistry.get(existingWorkspace.projectId),
+        cwd: normalizedCwd,
+      });
+    }
+
+    return createWorkspaceForDirectory(normalizedCwd);
+  }
+
+  async function resolveOrCreateWorkspaceIdForCreateAgent(
+    input: ResolveOrCreateWorkspaceIdInput,
+  ): Promise<string> {
+    if (input.createdWorktree) {
+      return input.createdWorktree.workspace.workspaceId;
+    }
+
+    if (input.requestedWorkspaceId) {
+      return input.requestedWorkspaceId;
+    }
+
+    return (await createWorkspaceForDirectory(input.cwd, input.initialTitle)).workspaceId;
+  }
+
+  async function createWorkspaceForDirectory(
+    cwd: string,
+    title?: string | null,
+  ): Promise<PersistedWorkspaceRecord> {
+    const checkout = await workspaceGitService.getCheckout(cwd);
+    const membership = classifyDirectoryForProjectMembership({ cwd, checkout });
+    const timestamp = new Date().toISOString();
+
+    const projectRecord = await resolveProjectRecordForPlacement({
+      membership,
+      timestamp,
+    });
+    await projectRegistry.upsert(projectRecord);
+
+    const workspaceRecord = createPersistedWorkspaceRecord({
+      workspaceId: generateWorkspaceId(),
+      projectId: projectRecord.projectId,
+      cwd,
+      kind: membership.workspaceKind,
+      displayName: membership.workspaceDisplayName,
+      title: title ?? null,
+      createdAt: timestamp,
+      updatedAt: timestamp,
+    });
+    await workspaceRegistry.upsert(workspaceRecord);
+    return workspaceRecord;
+  }
+
+  async function findOrCreateProjectForDirectory(cwd: string): Promise<PersistedProjectRecord> {
+    const normalizedCwd = resolve(cwd);
+    const checkout = await workspaceGitService.getCheckout(normalizedCwd);
+    const membership = classifyDirectoryForProjectMembership({ cwd: normalizedCwd, checkout });
+    const projectRecord = await resolveProjectRecordForPlacement({
+      membership,
+      timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
+    });
+    await projectRegistry.upsert(projectRecord);
+    return projectRecord;
+  }
+
+  async function ensureWorkspaceRecordUnarchived(
+    workspace: PersistedWorkspaceRecord,
+  ): Promise<PersistedWorkspaceRecord> {
+    const project = await projectRegistry.get(workspace.projectId);
+    if (!workspace.archivedAt && (!project || !project.archivedAt)) {
+      return workspace;
+    }
+
+    const timestamp = new Date().toISOString();
+    let unarchivedWorkspace = workspace;
+    if (workspace.archivedAt) {
+      unarchivedWorkspace = { ...workspace, archivedAt: null, updatedAt: timestamp };
+      await workspaceRegistry.upsert(unarchivedWorkspace);
+    }
+    if (project?.archivedAt) {
+      await projectRegistry.upsert({
+        ...project,
+        archivedAt: null,
+        updatedAt: timestamp,
+      });
+    }
+    return unarchivedWorkspace;
+  }
+
+  return {
+    findOrCreateWorkspaceForDirectory,
+    resolveOrCreateWorkspaceIdForCreateAgent,
+    createWorkspaceForDirectory,
+    findOrCreateProjectForDirectory,
+    ensureWorkspaceRecordUnarchived,
+  };
+}