Keep CI moving through transient npm failures (#2039)

* fix(ci): retry npm installs

Transient registry and package-download failures should delay a job briefly instead of requiring a manual rerun. Apply one bounded retry policy across CI, deploy, and release workflows.

* fix(ci): preserve retries for historical Android tags

Manual Android rebuilds may check out releases from before the shared retry script existed. Keep that install step self-contained and allow the shared helper's injected runner to be asynchronous.

* fix(ci): preserve retries for desktop release refs

* refactor(ci): use shared npm retry helper everywhere

scripts/npm-retry.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+import { spawnSync } from "node:child_process";
+import { resolve as resolvePath } from "node:path";
+import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
+
+const DEFAULT_ATTEMPTS = 3;
+const DEFAULT_BACKOFF_MS = 20_000;
+
+function runNpm(args) {
+  const command = process.platform === "win32" ? "npm.cmd" : "npm";
+  const result = spawnSync(command, args, {
+    shell: process.platform === "win32",
+    stdio: "inherit",
+  });
+
+  if (result.error) {
+    console.error(`Failed to start npm: ${result.error.message}`);
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return result.status ?? 1;
+}
+
+function wait(delayMs) {
+  return new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, delayMs));
+}
+
+export async function runWithRetry(
+  args,
+  { attempts = DEFAULT_ATTEMPTS, backoffMs = DEFAULT_BACKOFF_MS, run = runNpm, sleep = wait } = {},
+) {
+  let exitCode = 1;
+
+  for (let attempt = 1; attempt <= attempts; attempt += 1) {
+    exitCode = await run(args);
+    if (exitCode === 0) {
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (attempt < attempts) {
+      const delayMs = attempt * backoffMs;
+      console.warn(
+        `npm failed with exit code ${exitCode}; retrying in ${delayMs / 1000}s (${attempt + 1}/${attempts})`,
+      );
+      await sleep(delayMs);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return exitCode;
+}
+
+if (process.argv[1] && fileURLToPath(import.meta.url) === resolvePath(process.argv[1])) {
+  const args = process.argv.slice(2);
+  if (args.length === 0) {
+    console.error("Usage: node scripts/npm-retry.mjs <npm arguments...>");
+    process.exitCode = 2;
+  } else {
+    process.exitCode = await runWithRetry(args);
+  }
+}